Lasagne many ways

In my house, we have a vegetarian, two picky eaters, and one gluten-free person. So, we have some food challenges. On top of that, I try to do the healthy/organic/local thing to the best of my ability. I fall short all the time, but I do make an effort. One recent successful effort was this homemade lasagne. It is highly adaptable. I made it three different ways--as I described them at home: Glutinous and Meaty, Glutinous but Vegetarian, and Gluten-Free.

What I love about this lasagne is that you don't bother with cooking the noodles before you assemble it. The noodles cook right in the sauce (which is why the sauce needs to be so thin before you cook it). Some folks say I'm crazy, but I've been doing it this way since college and I love it.

Even with making three versions and fresh sauce, the hands-on time was one hour. Then it took an hour to cook. How do I know that? I made it while watching a Star Trek rerun, and it baked while I was at my daughter's band concert.

Ingredients:
1 lb Hot Italian Turkey Sausage. I used Shady Brook Farms.
1 onion, diced.
1 red pepper, diced.
1 28-oz can crushed tomatoes. I used Muir Glen organic fire-roasted.
1 8-oz container ricotta cheese.
2 cups shredded mozzarella cheese
1 egg.
6 large leaves kale. I had the flat-leaf kind, but any type would work. Remove the center stems and chop the leaves. If you have vegetable-averse eaters, chop them very fine or run them through the food processor.
1/4 cup fresh basil leaves.
2 tbsp fresh oregano leaves.
salt and pepper to taste.
Uncooked lasagne noodles (regular or gluten free. If you can't find GF lasagne noodles, you can actually use GF penne, which is more readily available. But then you have to call the dish "baked ziti.")

The process:
1. Remove the casings from the turkey sausage and brown over medium heat, breaking up the meat with the spatula or wooden spoon. When all the sausage is cooked through, turn it out onto a plate lined with paper towels to let the excess fat drain off.

2. If you have no vegetarians in your house, cook the diced onions and peppers in the pan previously occupied by the turkey sausage. (Vegetarian homes: use a clean pan). Cook until the onions turn translucent.
Add the chopped kale, cook just until the kale begins to wilt, about 2 minutes.
Add the can of crushed tomatoes. Refill that can with tap water and add that to the sauce. It will be thin. That is okay right now. Stir everything together. Bring the sauce to a gentle simmer over low-medium heat.

3. In a separate bowl, mix together the egg, ricotta and 1 cup of the mozzarella.

4. Pull out your casserole dishes and set them on the counter. For my three-version lasagne, I used two loaf pans (my daughter and I each get our own) and a two-quart Pyrex pan. If you are only making one version, you can use a large lasagne pan.

5. Finely chop the basil and oregano leaves and add them to your sauce. Add the salt and pepper, stir everything together and turn off the heat on the stove.

6. Preheat the oven to 350 degrees.

7. Assemble the lasagnes:

• Using a soup ladle for the sauce, spread a layer of sauce over the bottom of each pan.
• Layer uncooked lasagne noodles (or whatever GF pasta you could find) over the sauce.
• Spread a thin layer of the cheese mixture on top of the noodles.
• Spread a layer of turkey sausage on the NON-vegetarian dishes.
• Repeat, sauce/pasta/cheese/sausage.
• This process usually makes two full layers, and then I run out of cheese. At that point, coat the lasagnes with any remaining sauce. 
• Top each lasagne with a share of the remaining 1 cup of mozzarella.
• Cover with tin foil and bake in the 350-degree oven for 45 minutes, then remove the tin foil and continue cooking until the cheese gets brown and bubbly, about another 15 minutes.

8. Remove the lasagne and allow it to cool for a few minutes while you assemble your salad and have your kids set the table. Ta-da!

CSA vegetable survival tips

Whenever I talk about my CSA on social media, someone invariably asks me about the Confederate States of America. Although I do love history, in this case, I'm talking about Community Supported Agriculture, in which consumers (me) buy a share in the season's harvest. We usually pay up front in the late winter or early spring, so that the farmers have the "seed money" to get rolling. Then, we go and pick up our harvest share once a week. In our case, since we value organic produce, we selected an all-organic CSA that also had a convenient pick-up day, time and location, The Fredericksburg Area CSA Project.

The reason I personally love a CSA is that I get really fresh, locally grown food. I am supporting agriculture in my own community. I also chose this specific CSA because all the suppliers are organic farms, and that's important to me. The fact that most of the food I buy at the grocery store travels from California, Oregon, Mexico and Chile is very frustrating to me, when there is perfectly good farmland right here in Virginia. Every mile my produce travels takes a toll on its nutritional value and on the environment. Yes, I will still buy bananas from Ecuador and avocados from California, because I love them, and they just don't grow in this climate, but I would like the bulk of my food to be as local as possible.

I have done a CSA before, but it has been several years. I haven't had one since I moved to the Fredericksburg area. In my previous experience, I learned some valuable CSA survival skills.

1. Make time to get to the pickup each week. It sounds obvious, but this is your one day to get your veggies. The pick up day and time should be a generally good day and time for you. The one I have now works well. For my previous CSA, I had to travel 30 miles in rush hour traffic after the end of a long work day. There were many days I just couldn't make it. That resulted in a waste of money and a less positive experience for me.
2. Make a serious effort to include vegetables every time you eat. This doesn't mean you need to become a vegetarian, but find some way to squeeze veggies into every meal and snack. At breakfast, it's pretty simple to put kale (or any greens) into your morning smoothie along with carrots and beets. I have given these veggie smoothies to my kids and even my reluctant husband, and as long as all the bits are well pureed, everyone was fine with that. If you don't do smoothies, throw some spinach (or any other greens) into your eggs. The addition of sautéed onion and feta cheese makes a delicious omelette. Make a salad with lunch and dinner. 
3. Use the internet to find recipes for the mysterious vegetables you've never seen before. The first time I got mustard greens, I was stumped. But I found over time that you can stir-fry just about anything with a bit of soy sauce and garlic and it tastes awesome. You can toss most vegetables (especially beets, sweet potato, carrot, asparagus, broccoli, kohlrabi) in olive oil, salt and pepper, and roast at 400 degrees for about 20 minutes and they come out caramelized and delicious. But just spending a few minutes looking up collard green recipes can open your eyes to new possibilities you may not have considered--like an Asian rice and raw collard salad with sesame oil, soy sauce and hot peppers.
4. Understand that seasons vary. When you buy produce at the grocery store, the selection is pretty much the same in July as it is in December. With a CSA (depending on where you live) the variety changes with the season. Early spring will feature lots of leafy greens. In Virginia, we don't see tomatoes until July. Be patient, and instead of longing for the vegetables you can't have, love the ones you're with. Of course, you can always supplement your CSA supply with other veggies, but if you have a large share, you might already have a struggle consuming what you have before the vegetables wilt.
5. Store carefully. Once you pick up your veggies, take care to store them properly. Greens wilt quickly, but it helps if you bring lettuce home  (or kale, collards, herbs, etc.) and wrap them in a couple of damp paper towels, then put them back in a plastic grocery bag, and nestle them into the refrigerator. Don't feel like you have to jam everything into the vegetable crisper. Not only are you more likely to see and select the vegetables if they are out on the shelves, the extra humidity in the main compartment of the refrigerator that results from opening and closing the door actually helps keep the greens fresh longer. Here's a link to a handy article from the Washington Post about storing veggies: http://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/food/one-way-to-fight-food-waste-revive-wilted-produce/2013/09/16/b1342b20-1b1a-11e3-a628-7e6dde8f889d_story.html
6. Share the wealth. If you feel overwhelmed by your vegetable share, give some of your abundance to others. Neighbors, friends, parents, grown-up kids, maybe even a homeless shelter might be able to use what you can't handle. It's all better than throwing away the produce you pre-paid for.
7. Plan for absences. If you have to be out of town or miss a share day, arrange to have someone else pick up your stuff. That way, it doesn't go to waste, and your friend can either enjoy the free food (if you are out of town) or can hold it for you until you can pick it up.
8. Keep an open mind. Over the course of the season, it is pretty much a sure thing you will receive vegetables that you never would have picked on your own. My husband, for example, dislikes both kale and collard greens, which of course are an early-season staple. If you get things you think you don't like, make a serious effort to find new ways to prepare them. Maybe you just don't like spinach when it's cooked, but it's okay in a salad. Perhaps you can roast that vegetable with olive oil and salt and you find a new appreciation for it. 

Springtime Smoothies

When the weather starts to warm up, it seems I can no longer bring myself to make hot cereal every morning, but neither do I want to eat processed cold cereal that my body will burn through in about an hour, leaving me hungrier than before. So as the spring greens and veggies start to come into season, I start working out my blender and trying some delicious smoothie recipes.

Ruby Red smoothie with beets, carrots and celery

The first breakfast smoothie I ever made was sometime back in the late 1980s. I got the recipe from an issue of Vogue or Cosmo. One banana, a cup of vanilla yogurt and a cup of orange juice. That was a very basic recipe, and although it was pretty tasty (and easy) I wouldn't make it now. Too much sugar--especially with the sweetened vanilla yogurt.

Today, I try to use more whole fruits and organic vegetables as close to in-season as I can. I love to slip in some fresh greens (baby kale mix, baby spinach, etc) but sometimes their color turns the smoothie a shade I call "Incdredible Hulky." They still taste pretty good, though, thanks to the ever-present banana and orange juice that help to sweeten the mix.

As a standard base, I start with one banana and about 1/2 cup of orange juice. The banana provides some body as well as sugar and the juice helps liquefy the rest of the smoothie. You could also use half a banana and any other kind of juice, or even a different kind of liquid, like a different juice or some variation of milk (cow, goat, coconut, almond, soy).

I usually use plain Greek yogurt for protein, as long as I have it on hand. You could also add a scoop of protein powder if you wish. I would recommend not using sweetened or flavored yogurt, even if it's sugar-free. If you are accustomed to the standard American diet that is packed with hidden sugars, these smoothies may initially seem rather tart, but rather than using a pre-sweetened packaged yogurt, try a plain yogurt and a little bit of honey so that you control how much sweetness you add. You can also skip the yogurt altogether if you don't have it, but to me, smoothies without yogurt seem thin and watery.

I have included a few basic recipes, ranging from a fruity flavor to more seriously veggie. You can always play with the fruit and vegetable combinations, and add honey or agave nectar for sweetness if you need it.

Basic smoothie 
1/2 cup frozen fruit (unsweetened strawberries, mangoes, blueberries, or a combination)
1/2 cup orange juice
1 banana
1/2 cup plain Greek yogurt
2 easy-peel mandarin oranges (peeled)
Place the frozen fruit and orange juice in the blender first. Pulse 3 times, then add the remaining ingredients. Pulse again, and then turn the blender on to the smoothie setting. Check the consistency, make sure everything is well blended, and enjoy.

Carrot-top
Use the basic smoothie recipe above, but add with the frozen fruit
1 full-sized organic carrot, cut into 1/2-inch rounds

Place the frozen fruit, carrot and orange juice in the blender first. Pulse 3 times, then add the remaining ingredients. Pulse again, and then turn the blender on to the smoothie setting. Check the consistency, make sure everything is well blended, and enjoy.

Incredible Hulk
Use the basic smoothie recipe above, but add with the frozen fruit
1 full-sized organic carrot, cut into 1/2-inch rounds
2 handfuls of organic greens (baby Kale mix, baby spinach)

Place the frozen fruit, carrot and orange juice in the blender first. Pulse 3 times, then add the remaining ingredients. Pulse again, and then turn the blender on to the smoothie setting. Check the consistency, make sure everything is well blended, and enjoy.

Ruby red
1/2 cup frozen strawberries
1/2 cup orange juice
2 full-sized organic carrots, cut into 1/2-inch rounds
1 stalk organic celery, cut into 1/2-inch slices
1/2 raw organic beet, peeled and cut into 1/4-inch slices
1 banana
2 easy-peel mandarin oranges (peeled)
1/2 cup plain Greek yogurt

Place the frozen fruit, vegetables and orange juice in the blender first. Pulse 3 times, then add the remaining ingredients. Pulse again, and then turn the blender on to the smoothie setting. Check the consistency, make sure everything is well blended, and enjoy.

Crock-Pot Pork tenderloin with acorn squash and apples

Sometimes I jest that I feel like every night in my kitchen is an episode of "Chopped." I have 30 minutes, a can of tuna, box of quinoa, and an orange. Now go! I actually enjoy those opportunities to be creative with what I have on hand. Although I seem to have to stop at a store nearly every day to pick up something (deodorant for the boy, conditioner for the girl, milk for everyone), I really don't like running out to get a specific item just for dinner. Sometimes that's just not possible: I may really have only 15 minutes between the time I get home and the time I have to leave to take the kids somewhere, and I need to start something that will be edible by the time I get home.

Last night was a Chopped night. I had a pork tenderloin, but I was out of my usual accompaniments: gluten free soy sauce and onions. I took a look around the kitchen and I spotted an acorn squash and a few apples that were a little too mature for lunch boxes, but still perfectly edible. If you don't have an acorn squash, you could substitute any winter squash (butternut, turban, etc.) or even sweet potatoes. And if you don't have fresh apples, I think dried apples would work well with a little extra water.

So, in about 15 minutes, dinner was in the crock pot. I didn't measure things out to create a real recipe. What I have here is more of a general idea. This should probably serve three, if you do not make total pigs of yourselves like my husband and I did.

1 tsp olive oil
1 pork tenderloin
1 acorn squash, washed, seeded, cut into wedges. leave the skin on.
3 tart apples (preferably the firm kind that hold up to cooking, like Jazz). Peeled, cored & sliced.
2 tbsp Craisins
1 tsp. Balsamic vinegar
1 tsp honey
1/2 tsp. Cinnamon
1/8 tsp. Cardamom
Dusting of Black Pepper

Set your crock pot to low.
Use a paper towel to rub the olive oil around the inside of the crock pot.
Place the pork tenderloin on the bottom.
Top with the squash, sliced apples and Craisins.
Drizzle with balsamic vinegar and honey.
Add about 1/4 cup water.
Sprinkle cinnamon, cardamom and black pepper on top.
Cook in the Crock on low for about 4-5 hours while you are out running errands and attending PTO meetings.
Return home to find a delicious pork dinner waiting for you.

See you at the Barre!

For the past two months, I have been working towards my certification as a BarreBody instructor. Sometimes when I write that, people misread it as bare. No one is actually bare, or even scantily clad, during this class. Sorry to disappoint.

BarreBody is based on ballet, Pilates and Yoga principles. We use modern pop music and some movements that you might remember from ballet class (tendus, plies, releves) but with an emphasis on safety and technique.

In a regular ballet class, students normally warm up at the barre, then progress to work in the center, and finally practice their turns, leaps and choreography. In Barre class, we dispense with the leaps, turns and choreography. Instead, we add in more strength and conditioning work.

The focus is always on technique, form, and injury prevention. I think of it as training people for life (good posture, the correct way to bend and pick things up off the floor, how to keep your knees, hips, shoulders and neck happy for a functional life) rather than training them to be dancers.

When my gym owner asked if I would substitute for the current teacher of the class, I had not been taking the Barre class very long. Although I have extensive dance experience, it had been about 12 years since I had taken ballet with regularity. I have been swing dancing in the meantime.

While teaching swing dance, I have frequently wanted to find a way to teach an ongoing “Conditioning for Dancers” class that would focus on these very same principles barre does. I see things in my dance class that I want to work on, like crooked posture and misalignment—or sometimes people ask me about preventing knee pain. Barre addresses all these issues and works on developing the core strength that is essential to any kind of dance, and to life in general.

In the course of the two months that I have been preparing to teach this class, I have practiced my one-hour segment what seems like a million times. I have physically done the exercises, counted along with the music while I am driving (even saying the cues and calling out, “Up, Up, Up!”). My body has experienced an extreme dose of barre over the past eight weeks. 

These are the changes I have seen in my own body:

1) Balance. Although my static (standing still) balance has always been pretty good, it is much better now. I have no problem holding a pose, even on one foot, while other limbs are moving about. Since I practice without holding on to a barre (so that I can stand in different parts of the room) I don’t need to hold onto anything for balance anymore.

2) Inner thighs. In the past, I have used adductor machines at the gym to tone my inner thighs, and what I’ve gotten is chunky inner thighs that rub together when I walk. Not what I was looking for. After eight weeks of intense barre, I can feel clearly defined adductor (inner thigh) muscles. They don’t take up any more space; I can just feel them under my skin.

3) Seat. I feel like everything around my butt feels better and stronger. I have, in the past, experienced some hip pain, especially in my right leg. This is particularly bad after I sit for a long time, like in meetings, movies, or in the car. My hips have felt a lot better in the past eight weeks.

4) Piriformis. The piriformis is a muscle under your glutes that rotates your femur outward. My right piriformis has always been super-tight, which has translated into rotating my right foot outward even when I don’t want to. That has caused some knee pain, and it’s also a factor in the hip pain I mentioned before. Because one of my cues in barre is, “Check and make sure all 10 toes are pointed forward,” I have consistently checked that misalignment several times during each workout. As a result, I am also more aware of that alignment when I do other activities, like squats, walking and running. Overall, this has helped balance out left and right sides, and I feel like the muscles that work against the piriformis have grown stronger as a result.

5) Neck. As a result of cueing, “Shoulders out of your neck/shoulder blades down and back,” my always-troubled neck is really feeling pretty good here lately.

Barre is not the only workout I do. Wednesdays are my hard workout day, where I run on the treadmill and lift. That day, I try to run as fast as I personally can, slowly building up my endurance at a faster (for me) speed. I am up to a mile and a half now. I also changed my lifting methodology. Since barre focuses on low weights and endless reps, I use my Wednesdays to lift weights heavy enough that I can only do one set of five with good form. On Wednesday nights, I am always exhausted, and I sleep wonderfully well.  As a result of the heavy lifting, I can now do real pull-ups, which I never could do before. I am pretty excited about that!

I look forward to teaching Barre regularly now. I am excited about getting to know my students and choreographing new routines. I really think this program is a balanced workout that can improve quality of life and functionality, as well as aesthetics, for a wide range of people (especially dancers!)

I will be teaching at FLY Fitness, 501 William St, Fredericksburg, VA 22904. Mondays at 9am, Tuesdays at 6:30pm, Fridays at 9:30am and Saturdays at 10:30am. http://www.flyfitnessinspiration.com 

                                                     

The things I love in Group Fitness Instructors

I went through a period of about 10 years, maybe longer, when I refused to take a group fitness class. I enjoyed running, lifting, and using the cardio machines, but I thought I did not like classes. This was back in the day when old-school aerobics was really popular, and I always felt like I was the one person going the wrong way when everyone else seemed to know what they were doing. I took one yoga class and I thought I hated it, because this particular teacher liked to do a lot of partner work, which was really not my bag at the time.

When I belonged to the Gold’s Gym in Warrenton, VA, one of the trainers suggested I try the group classes, since they were free with membership. I found that I really did enjoy yoga (it all depends on the teacher) and I loved Zumba. In fact, I loved it so much that I decided I wanted to learn how to Salsa for real, which started my social-dancing history and my launched my fitness education path.

I don’t really enjoy Zumba anymore—the reasons don’t really matter, but I think it has a lot to do with teachers. However, I have taken and taught a lot of group exercise classes in the past 20 years or so. Recently, I have been exploring with some new teachers and methodologies, which started me thinking about the things I like and the things that really turn me off in group fitness instructors. Trying to focus on the positive, I will share the things I love.

Things I love:

1) When teachers make an effort to get to know students’ names. I appreciate teachers who ask you to wear nametags, or look at the class sign-in sheet and attempt to use each student’s name. This is especially helpful when making corrections: “Valerie, be sure to keep your spine straight up and down.”

2) When teachers spend the minutes before class conversing with students.

3) When teachers offer up-and-down modifications of exercises, so that beginner and advanced students can get a good workout in the same class.

4) When teachers allow themselves to stop talking for a few minutes during the course of the class. For me, this allows me to focus on the work and the music.

5) When teachers change their classes often—whether it’s changing out one or two songs and exercises or completely revamping the class from month to month. I enjoy learning new things and challenging myself with the same teacher.

6) When teachers ask permission before making hands-on adjustments. I would prefer that teachers not physically move me at all. I always prefer verbal/visual cues, but if that fails and it’s something really important that could cause injury, they could at least ask, “May I touch you,” or put their hand in the place where they want your foot/arm/shoulder to be, and ask you to move yourself to that spot, instead of trying to move you.

7) When teachers are knowledgeable. They should be able to explain why you shouldn’t lock out your knees on the upward phase of a squat, for example.

8) When teachers don’t assume that you are a brand-new beginner just because they have never seen you in their class before. They also should not assume that you are an expert. I love it when they ask, or wait to see what you can do.

9) When teachers make eye contact with students, or at the very least, watch the students during the class. I have heard teachers, with their faces turned toward the wall, say “that looks great!” (psst, hey, you can’t see us!)

10) Teachers who come to class prepared. They know what they are going to teach, have a play list ready, and know what tools the students will need. 

As I continue to grow as a teacher, I will make it a conscious goal to incorporate these strategies into my personal teaching style.

What keeps you motivated to exercise?

 A few weeks ago on Twitter, American College of Sports Medicine, (ACSM) posed a question: What keeps you motivated to exercise?

I tweeted my 104-character response: “I love being able to do physically difficult things. I feel GREAT when I exercise, but feel grouchy and sluglike when I don't.”

A few things kept me from my regular workout over the past few weeks. I went to Paris for a week. I was stuck on a plane. I walked a lot (miles and miles a day) and I danced at night, but I did not do my regular workout. Then I came home and I had a pretty bad sinus infection that made it hard for me to do much more than sit in a chair and be grumpy.

Today was my first real day back at the gym, after two and a half weeks. The break has given me the opportunity to reflect a little more deeply on what motivates me to keep exercising. I think everyone has his own answers to this question, but these are mine.

• I like people better when I exercise. Especially when I exercise with others. I am a naturally shy person, but when I was sick, I could feel myself wanting to draw further into my cocoon. When I went out, to the coffee shop or the grocery store, I felt irritated by my fellow humans. Too noisy, too slow, too pushy, whatever…but then I spent an hour working out with six other women this morning, and we were all getting sweaty together, and by the end of the hour, I thought they were the most beautiful women God ever put on the Earth. Even when I left the gym, I found myself smiling at people and saying hello. I felt friendly again. I think that comes from doing physically challenging things with other humans. It’s kind of what we are made to do.
• I value being able to do difficult things. When we were in Paris, we climbed the stairs on the Eiffel tower as far as you are allowed to. The benefit: we paid 1/3 the money and had no line at all. I am thankful that, at 41 years of age, my knees and back and feet and lungs are capable of climbing 720 steps up and 720 steps down. We also walked, I would estimate, at least 5 miles per day during our trip. If I didn’t exercise regularly, I would not have been able to handle that much activity comfortably.
• I like being able to dance, especially to fast music. I am not a big talker. I can’t express myself adequately through spoken words. Yes, I can write, but words aren’t alive and they aren’t attached to me. When I meet people, I can’t ask them to go read my blog to get to know me better. But when I dance, I am able to be everything I am: mother, daughter, saint, sinner, lover, fighter, thinker, maniac. I can express all that through movement, but only if my body is working. For me, not being able to move is like being mute. And to keep dancing all night, to keep up with fast music, I need to have strength and endurance.
• Exercise lifts my spirits. Scientists say that brain chemicals called endorphins kick in when we exercise. They mask pain, give us energy, and push us through fatigue. All I know is that I can be having the worst and crappiest day, and about 7 minutes into a good run, dance, or a great exercise class, I start to feel happy, and I stay that way for several hours afterward.
• It quiets my mind. I have a busy brain. I think about things that are my responsibility, like my job, and how I’m going to pay for my kids’ college, but I also think about things that are way out of my sphere, like how humans are consuming resources at a faster rate than they can be replaced. If I don’t reign it in, the thought factory cranking in my brain will keep me up at night, making lists and envisioning outcomes. Exercise helps. The more physically and mentally challenging an activity is, the larger the percentage of my attention it requires, and eventually there is no room in my head for anything other than the task at hand. Difficult things like dancing push out thoughts of anything else. Sometimes I need to think about things in a quiet space. In that case, I can go for a run: there, all my body has to do is move forward. I have time to pick through all the threads of my thoughts while the endorphins do their work, making all my problems seem simpler, easier, fixable. 

Everyone’s motivations are different. You might like to maintain your dress size or keep your blood pressure down. It doesn’t matter why you do it, but it’s helpful to take the time to identify your motivation, so that when you encounter fitness roadblocks (and everyone does), you remember why you were doing it in the first pace.